ASCII: Tables, Codes and Cyrillic Alphabet in Win-1251

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is a standard character encoding system designed to represent text on a computer. This standard includes various tables reflecting a variety of character categories. In this article, we will look at three important ASCII tables: Control Characters, Printable Characters, and Extended Characters encoded in Win-1251 Cyrillic.

Control characters

Control characters are special characters that are not displayed when displaying text on the screen, but perform certain control functions. They are often used in programming, including when working with text strings.

DEC	OCT	HEX	BIN	Symbol	Escape last.	Description
0	000	0x00	00000000	NUL	\0	Null byte
1	001	0x01	00000001	SOH		The beginning of the title
2	002	0x02	00000010	STX		The beginning of the text
3	003	0x03	00000011	ETX		The end of the “text”
4	004	0x04	00000100	EOT		end of transmission
5	005	0x05	00000101	ENQ		“Please confirm!”
6	006	0x06	00000110	ACK		“I confirm!”
7	007	0x07	00000111	BEL	\a	Beep – bell
8	010	0x08	00001000	BS	\b	Return by one character (BACKSPACE)
9	011	0x09	00001001	TAB	\t	Tabulation
10	012	0x0A	00001010	LF	\n	Line feed
11	013	0x0B	00001011	VT	\v	Vertical tabulation
12	014	0x0C	00001100	FF	\f	Page run, new page
13	015	0x0D	00001101	CR	\r	Carriage return
14	016	0x0E	00001110	SO		Switch to another tape (encoding)
15	017	0x0F	00001111	SI		Switch to the original tape (encoding)
16	020	0x10	00010000	DLE		Data channel shielding
17	021	0x11	00010001	DC1		1st device control symbol
18	022	0x12	00010010	DC2		2nd device control symbol
19	023	0x13	00010011	DC3		The 3rd character of the device control
20	024	0x14	00010100	DC4		The 4th symbol of device control
21	025	0x15	00010101	NAK		“I do not confirm!”
22	026	0x16	00010110	SYN		The symbol for synchronization
23	027	0x17	00010111	ETB		End of the text block
24	030	0x18	00011000	CAN		Cancellation
25	031	0x19	00011001	EM		The end of the media
26	032	0x1A	00011010	SUB		Substitute
27	033	0x1B	00011011	ESC	\e	Escape (Extension)
28	034	0x1C	00011100	FS		File separator
29	035	0x1D	00011101	GS		Group separator
30	036	0x1E	00011110	RS		Record separator
31	037	0x1F	00011111	US		Unit separator
127	177	0x7F	01111111	Delete		The symbol to delete (on punched tapes)

Printable characters are characters that are designed to be displayed and printed on a screen or paper. They include letters, numbers, punctuation marks and other symbols that can be seen and perceived as text. Unlike control characters, which perform special functions (for example, line feed, deletion, etc.), printed characters serve to represent information in a readable form.

DEC	OCT	HEX	BIN	Symbol	HTML code	Mnemonics
32	040	0x20	00100000	Whitespace
33	041	0x21	00100001	!	!
34	042	0x22	00100010	“	"	"
35	043	0x23	00100011	#	#
36	044	0x24	00100100	$	$
37	045	0x25	00100101	%	%
38	046	0x26	00100110	&	&	&
39	047	0x27	00100111	‘	'	'
40	050	0x28	00101000	(	(
41	051	0x29	00101001	)	)
42	052	0x2A	00101010	*	*
43	053	0x2B	00101011	+	+
44	054	0x2C	00101100	,	,
45	055	0x2D	00101101	–	-
46	056	0x2E	00101110	.	.
47	057	0x2F	00101111	/	/
48	060	0x30	00110000	0	0
49	061	0x31	00110001	1	1
50	062	0x32	00110010	2	2
51	063	0x33	00110011	3	3
52	064	0x34	00110100	4	4
53	065	0x35	00110101	5	5
54	066	0x36	00110110	6	6
55	067	0x37	00110111	7	7
56	070	0x38	00111000	8	8
57	071	0x39	00111001	9	9
58	072	0x3A	00111010	:	:
59	073	0x3B	00111011	;	;
60	074	0x3C	00111100	<	<	<
61	075	0x3D	00111101	=	=
62	076	0x3E	00111110	>	>	>
63	077	0x3F	00111111	?	?
64	100	0x40	01000000	@	@
65	101	0x41	01000001	A	A
66	102	0x42	01000010	B	B
67	103	0x43	01000011	C	C
68	104	0x44	01000100	D	D
69	105	0x45	01000101	E	E
70	106	0x46	01000110	F	F
71	107	0x47	01000111	G	G
72	110	0x48	01001000	H	H
73	111	0x49	01001001	I	I
74	112	0x4A	01001010	J	J
75	113	0x4B	01001011	K	K
76	114	0x4C	01001100	L	L
77	115	0x4D	01001101	M	M
78	116	0x4E	01001110	N	N
79	117	0x4F	01001111	O	O
80	120	0x50	01010000	P	P
81	121	0x51	01010001	Q	Q
82	122	0x52	01010010	R	R
83	123	0x53	01010011	S	S
84	124	0x54	01010100	T	T
85	125	0x55	01010101	U	U
86	126	0x56	01010110	V	V
87	127	0x57	01010111	W	W
88	130	0x58	01011000	X	X
89	131	0x59	01011001	Y	Y
90	132	0x5A	01011010	Z	Z
91	133	0x5B	01011011	[	[
92	134	0x5C	01011100	\	\
93	135	0x5D	01011101	]	]
94	136	0x5E	01011110	^	^
95	137	0x5F	01011111	_	_
96	140	0x60	01100000	`	`
97	141	0x61	01100001	a	a
98	142	0x62	01100010	b	b
99	143	0x63	01100011	c	c
100	144	0x64	01100100	d	d
101	145	0x65	01100101	e	e
102	146	0x66	01100110	f	f
103	147	0x67	01100111	g	g
104	150	0x68	01101000	h	h
105	151	0x69	01101001	i	i
106	152	0x6A	01101010	j	j
107	153	0x6B	01101011	k	k
108	154	0x6C	01101100	l	l
109	155	0x6D	01101101	m	m
110	156	0x6E	01101110	n	n
111	157	0x6F	01101111	o	o
112	160	0x70	01110000	p	p
113	161	0x71	01110001	q	q
114	162	0x72	01110010	r	r
115	163	0x73	01110011	s	s
116	164	0x74	01110100	t	t
117	165	0x75	01110101	u	u
118	166	0x76	01110110	v	v
119	167	0x77	01110111	w	w
120	170	0x78	01111000	x	x
121	171	0x79	01111001	y	y
122	172	0x7A	01111010	z	z
123	173	0x7B	01111011	{	{
124	174	0x7C	01111100	\|	\|
125	175	0x7D	01111101	}	}
126	176	0x7E	01111110	~	~

Examples of printed characters include letters of the alphabet (A-Z, a-z), numbers (0-9), punctuation marks (., !, ?, and so on) and other characters that we use to write text.

Extended ASCII characters Win-1251 Cyrillic

The extended ASCII characters Win-1251 are a set of characters that include Latin letters (A-Z, a-z), Arabic numerals (0-9), punctuation marks and special characters, as well as additional characters used to represent Cyrillic (Russian and some other Slavic languages). It is an extension of the ASCII standard, which originally covered only the Latin alphabet and basic characters.

DEC	OCT	HEX	BIN	Symbol	HTML code	Mnemonics
128	200	0x80	10000000	Ђ
129	201	0x81	10000001	Ѓ
130	202	0x82	10000010	‚		&sbquo;
131	203	0x83	10000011	ѓ
132	204	0x84	10000100	„		&bdquo;
133	205	0x85	10000101	…		…
134	206	0x86	10000110	†		&dagger;
135	207	0x87	10000111	‡		&Dagger;
136	210	0x88	10001000	€		€
137	211	0x89	10001001	‰		&permil;
138	212	0x8A	10001010	Љ
139	213	0x8B	10001011	‹		&lsaquo;
140	214	0x8C	10001100	Њ
141	215	0x8D	10001101	Ќ
142	216	0x8E	10001110	Ћ
143	217	0x8F	10001111	Џ
144	220	0x90	10010000	Ђ
145	221	0x91	10010001	‘		‘
146	222	0x92	10010010	’		’
147	223	0x93	10010011	“		“
148	224	0x94	10010100	”		”
149	225	0x95	10010101	•		•
150	226	0x96	10010110	–		–
151	227	0x97	10010111	—		—
152	230	0x98	10011000	The beginning of the line
153	231	0x99	10011001	™		™
154	232	0x9A	10011010	љ
155	233	0x9B	10011011	›		&rsaquo;
156	234	0x9C	10011100	њ
157	235	0x9D	10011101	ќ
158	236	0x9E	10011110	ћ
159	237	0x9F	10011111	џ
160	240	0xA0	10100000	An unbreakable gap
161	241	0xA1	10100001	Ў	¡
162	242	0xA2	10100010	ў	¢
163	243	0xA3	10100011	Ј	£
164	244	0xA4	10100100	¤	¤	¤
165	245	0xA5	10100101	Ґ	¥
166	246	0xA6	10100110	¦	¦	¦
167	247	0xA7	10100111	§	§	§
168	250	0xA8	10101000	Ё	¨
169	251	0xA9	10101001	©	©	©
170	252	0xAA	10101010	Є	ª
171	253	0xAB	10101011	«	«	«
172	254	0xAC	10101100	¬	¬	¬
173	255	0xAD	10101101	Soft transfer
174	256	0xAE	10101110	®	®	®
175	257	0xAF	10101111	Ї	¯
176	260	0xB0	10110000	°	°	°
177	261	0xB1	10110001	±	±	±
178	262	0xB2	10110010	І	²
179	263	0xB3	10110011	і	³
180	264	0xB4	10110100	ґ	´
181	265	0xB5	10110101	µ	µ	µ
182	266	0xB6	10110110	¶	¶	¶
183	267	0xB7	10110111	·	·	·
184	270	0xB8	10111000	ё	¸
185	271	0xB9	10111001	№	¹
186	272	0xBA	10111010	є	º
187	273	0xBB	10111011	»	»	»
188	274	0xBC	10111100	ј	¼
189	275	0xBD	10111101	Ѕ	½
190	276	0xBE	10111110	ѕ	¾
191	277	0xBF	10111111	ї	¿
192	300	0xC0	11000000	А	À
193	301	0xC1	11000001	Б	Á
194	302	0xC2	11000010	В	Â
195	303	0xC3	11000011	Г	Ã
196	304	0xC4	11000100	Д	Ä
197	305	0xC5	11000101	Е	Å
198	306	0xC6	11000110	Ж	Æ
199	307	0xC7	11000111	З	Ç
200	310	0xC8	11001000	И	È
201	311	0xC9	11001001	Й	É
202	312	0xCA	11001010	К	Ê
203	313	0xCB	11001011	Л	Ë
204	314	0xCC	11001100	М	Ì
205	315	0xCD	11001101	Н	Í
206	316	0xCE	11001110	О	Î
207	317	0xCF	11001111	П	Ï
208	320	0xD0	11010000	Р	Ð
209	321	0xD1	11010001	С	Ñ
210	322	0xD2	11010010	Т	Ò
211	323	0xD3	11010011	У	Ó
212	324	0xD4	11010100	Ф	Ô
213	325	0xD5	11010101	Х	Õ
214	326	0xD6	11010110	Ц	Ö
215	327	0xD7	11010111	Ч	×
216	330	0xD8	11011000	Ш	Ø
217	331	0xD9	11011001	Щ	Ù
218	332	0xDA	11011010	Ъ	Ú
219	333	0xDB	11011011	Ы	Û
220	334	0xDC	11011100	Ь	Ü
221	335	0xDD	11011101	Э	Ý
222	336	0xDE	11011110	Ю	Þ
223	337	0xDF	11011111	Я	ß
224	340	0xE0	11100000	а	à
225	341	0xE1	11100001	б	á
226	342	0xE2	11100010	в	â
227	343	0xE3	11100011	г	ã
228	344	0xE4	11100100	д	ä
229	345	0xE5	11100101	е	å
230	346	0xE6	11100110	ж	æ
231	347	0xE7	11100111	з	ç
232	350	0xE8	11101000	и	è
233	351	0xE9	11101001	й	é
234	352	0xEA	11101010	к	ê
235	353	0xEB	11101011	л	ë
236	354	0xEC	11101100	м	ì
237	355	0xED	11101101	н	í
238	356	0xEE	11101110	о	î
239	357	0xEF	11101111	п	ï
240	360	0xF0	11110000	р	ð
241	361	0xF1	11110001	с	ñ
242	362	0xF2	11110010	т	ò
243	363	0xF3	11110011	у	ó
244	364	0xF4	11110100	ф	ô
245	365	0xF5	11110101	х	õ
246	366	0xF6	11110110	ц	ö
247	367	0xF7	11110111	ч	÷
248	370	0xF8	11111000	ш	ø
249	371	0xF9	11111001	щ	ù
250	372	0xFA	11111010	ъ	ú
251	373	0xFB	11111011	ы	û
252	374	0xFC	11111100	ь	ü
253	375	0xFD	11111101	э	ý
254	376	0xFE	11111110	ю	þ
255	377	0xFF	11111111	я	ÿ

The Win-1251 encoding is widely used to represent Cyrillic characters in Windows operating systems. In this encoding, each character is represented by one byte (8 bits). Russian Russian letters (A-Z, a-z), letters of other Slavic languages, as well as some special characters necessary for the correct display of the text in Russian.

For example, the character “A” in Win-1251 encoding has the code 0xC0, and the character “a” has 0xE0. The full set of characters encoded in Win-1251 can be found in the Win-1251 character table

What is presented in the tables?

The table is a comparison of values in various number systems and their representations in the form of characters, escape sequences, HTML codes and their descriptions. Each line contains the following information:

DEC: The value is in the decimal system.
OCT: The value in the octal system.
HEX: The value in the hexadecimal system.
BIN: The value in the binary system.
Symbol: A symbolic representation of the corresponding value.
Escape last: A sequence of characters used to represent a value in programs and lines of code.
HTML code: The HTML code used to insert the symbol into web pages.
Description: A brief description of the meaning and its representations.

Conclusion

ASCII tables provide us with a convenient way to interact with a computer by representing characters and their codes. They play an important role in working with text information and programming. Knowing these tables helps you better understand how computers process and represent symbols, as well as how to use different symbols when writing code and text.